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Christiaan Huygens(christiaanhuygens)Christiaan Huygens ( April 14 , 1629 – July 8 , 1695 ) was a Dutch mathematician and physicist ; born in The Hague . Huygensis commonly associated with the Scientific Revolution . Hewas the son of Constantijn Huygens . Christiaan is generally given minor credit for his role in the development of modern calculus . He is also notable for his arguments that light consisted of waves ; see: wave-particle duality . In 1655 , he discovered Saturn 's moon Titan . He also examined Saturn's planetary rings ,and in 1656 he found out those rings consisted of rocks. In the same year he observed the Orion Nebula . Using his modern telescope he was able to divide the nebula into different stars . Thebrighter interior of the Orion Nebula is called the Huygens Region . He also discovered several interstellarnebulae and some double stars . After Blaise Pascal encouraged him to do so, Huygens wrote the firstbook on probability theory , which was published in 1657 . He also worked on the construction of accurate clocks , suitable for naval navigation . In 1658 he published a book on thistopic called Horologium. He discovered and proved mathematically that the oscillation-time (or frequency) of a pendulum depends solely on its length and was independent of the angle of swing. Thepopular notion up to then had been that the larger the swing, the longer the oscillation-time. Huygens was elected a member of the Royal Society in 1663 . In the year 1666 Huygens moved to Paris where he held a chair at the French Royal Society. Using the Parisan observatory, which was completed in 1672 , he made further astronomical observations. Huygens was one of the first writers to speculate in detail about life on other planets (although we do not know to which extent ancient writers exercised suchspeculation, since most of their work has not survived). In his book Cosmotheoros, further entitled The celestial worldsdiscover'd: or, conjectures concerning the inhabitants, plants and productions of the worlds in the planets (see externallink, at bottom) he imagined a universe brimming with life, much of it very similar to life on 17th century Earth. It was theliberal climate in the Netherlands of that time which not only allowed but encouraged such speculation. In sharp contrast,Italian philosopher Giordano Bruno , who also believed in many inhabitedworlds, was burned at the stake for his beliefs in 1600. In 1675 , Christian Huygens patented a pocket watch . Huygens moved back to The Hague in 1681 after serious illness and died there 14 yearslater on July 8, 1695. Named after Huygens
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